TEMPORARY WORKERS and TRAINEES
H-1 & H-2 : For temporary workers.
H-1B : For persons who engage in specialty occupations, fashion models of distinguished merit and ability, or persons providing service related to the Department of Defense.
REQUIREMENTS : Certification of a Labor Condition Application (LCA) from the Department of Labor. Requires the employer to state in writing that:
The labor certification is valid only as long as the aline continues to work (1) for the same ployer; (2) at the same location; and (3) doing the same job. Therefore, any promotions or significant changes in job duties or location before legal permanent residence is obtained can invalidate the labor certification, thus making the applicant ineligible.
The holder of a temporary worker visa may be admitted for a period up to three years, though extensions generally go up to six years, and
the person is then eligible fore extensions in one-year increments until the labor certificaiton applicaiton or imigrant petition is decided, or a final decision is made on the individual's application for adjustment of status or an immmigrant visa.
The H-1B may change employers upon the filing of a new application by the prospective employer as long as the H-1B was lawfully admitted into the US and has not worked in the US without authorization.
H-1C : For professional nurses working in a health care professional shortage area (though only available through the end of 2007).
H-2A and H-2B: For persons coming to the U.S. to perform temporary labor. the employer must demonstrate that there are no U.S. workers available who are capable of performing the work. These visas are restricted to an annual quota of 66,000 visas for non-agriculatural work of a tmeporary or seasonal nature:
H-3: For individuals who are receiving instruction or training in any field of endeavor, such as agriculture, comerce, communications, finance, government, transportation, or the professions, as well as training in any field of endeavor...with the exception of medical training or education that falls within the J visa.
I Visas: for representatives of foreign media. Inlcudes those working in the information, documentary, or educational programming fields. I visas may be issued to representatives from independent production companies who hold a credential issued by a professional journalism association; however, does I visas do not apply to those working in the entertainiment programming or commercial film fields.
L-1 : For intra-company transferees, and does not preclude the holder from seeking Legal Permanent Residence (LPR).
L-2 : Spouse and children of a L-1 visa holder, L-2 visa holders are permitted to work.
O-1A : For someone who has demonstrated extraordinary abilities in the sciences, arts, education, business, or athletics.
O-1B : For those in motion picture or TV production who have a record of extraordinary achievement.
O-2 : For persons who acocmpany and asist O-1 holders.
O-3 : For spouse and children of the O-1 / O-2 holders.
P-1 : For internationally recognized athletes or an athlete who is part of an internationally recognized group.
P-1B : For a person who performs with, or is an integral part of, an entertainment group that has been internationally recognized as being outstanding entertainers.
P-2 : For a person performing as part of a group, or individually, or as an integral part of the performance, and is entering temporarily and solely to perform under a reciprocal exchange program.
P-3 : For a person entering as part of a "culturally unique program," and does not need to be sponsored by an educaitonal, cultural, or government agency.
P-4 : For spouse and children of a P-1/P-2/P-3 visa holder - a P-4 visa holder may not work.
Q-1: For a person who is participaing in an international cultural exchange program that has been approved for the purpose of providing employment, practical training, and the sharing of history, culture, and traditions of the entrant's country of nationality.
Q-2 : For persons who are 35 years old or younger from Northern Ireland or other specificed regions in Ireland.
R-1: Religious workers - must be a member of a religious denomination that has bona fide nonprofit religious status in the U.S. for a minimum of two years before the filing of the application.
TN Visas: For nationals of Canada or Mexico admitted under NAFTA who seek temporary entry as a business person to engage in business activities at a professional level.